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I-Sustainable Natural Rubber Sourcing Izuza Umfutho Phakathi Nezingcindezi Zokuhlinzeka Ngempahla
Kwadalwa ngo 03.08
I-Sustainable Natural Rubber Sourcing Izuza Umfutho Phakathi Nezingcindezi Zokuhlinzeka Ngempahla
Isingeniso
Njengoba amaketanga okunikezela emhlabeni wonke ebhekana nokuphazamiseka kwesimo sezulu, ukungezwani kwezepolitiki, kanye nemithetho eqinisayo, imboni yenjoloba yemvelo ibhekene noshintsho olubalulekile. Ukuthola usizo oluqhubekayo, okwake kwaba yisinyathelo se-niche, manje sekuyisu elibalulekile. Ngokuya kwe-International Rubber Study Group (IRSG), irabha esimeme eqinisekisiwe yabalelwa ku-18% wokukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke ngo-2023—ukwanda okungu-10% kusukela ngo-2020. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi izitifiketi ezifana ne-FSC ne-GPSNR zihlela kanjani kabusha izinqubo zokuthenga nokuthi kungani izinkampani kufanele zenze ngokushesha ukuze zibonise imisebenzi yazo esikhathini esizayo.
Isigaba 1: Izinguquko Zokushayela Izingcindezi
1.1 Izingozi Zemvelo
- Umthelela Wesimo Sezulu
: Ngo-2023, iThailand—umkhiqizi wenjoloba omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni—yabona ukwehla kwesivuno ngo-12% ngenxa yesomiso esinesikhathi eside nesifo sokuwa kwamaqabunga.
- Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi
: Ngaphezu kuka-30% wamasimu enjoloba aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia angena emahlathini ayisisekelo, okubangela ukulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo (WWF, 2023).
1.2 Ukwehliswa Kwemithetho
- I-EU
I-Deforestation-Free Regulation (EUDR), eqala ukusebenza ngo-June 2023, igunyaza ukulandeleka kokungeniswa kwenjoloba. Izinkampani ezingahambisani nemithetho zisengozini yokukhishwa emakethe ye-EU eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-450.
- eCalifornia
I-SB 253 Climate Corporate Data Accountability Act (2024) idinga amafemu amakhulu ukuthi adalule ukukhishwa kwe-supply chain, okuhlanganisa nokutholakala kwenjoloba.
1.3 Isidingo Sabathengi
- U-62% wabathengi bomhlaba bakhetha imikhiqizo esebenzisa irabha engagawulwa yihlathi, kanti u-45% uzimisele ukukhokha iprimiyamu engu-15% (McKinsey, 2023).
Isigaba 2: Izitifiketi Njengomugqa Wokuphila
2.1 Izinhlelo Zokuqinisekisa Ezibalulekile
Isitifiketi | Gxila | Abamukeli |
I-FSC | Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, amalungelo abasebenzi | Michelin, Pirelli |
GPSNR | Uhlaka lokusimama kwemboni yonke | Goodyear, Continental |
Irabha Elilungile | Ukulingana kweholo labalimi abancane | Ethletic, Bheka |
2.2 Izinzuzo Zebhizinisi
- Ukufinyelela Emakethe
: Ukuthunyelwa kwerabha eqinisekiswe yi-FSC e-Europe kuyala i-premium yentengo engu-20%.
- Ukunciphisa Ingozi
: Amathuluzi okulandelela i-blockchain ye-GPSNR anciphisa ukukhwabanisa kwe-supply chain ngo-40% (GPSNR, 2024).
Isigaba 3: Ubuholi Benkampani Ebenzayo
3.1 Isinyathelo sikaMichelin “Injoloba Ehlaza”
- Igoli
: 100% irabha esimeme ngo-2025.
- Izenzo
:
: Ukwehliswa ngo-30% kokwephulwa kokusetshenziswa komhlaba kuwo wonke amapulazi abahlinzeki.
3.2 Imodeli Eyindilinga kaBridgestone
- Ubuchwepheshe
: Ukukhishwa kwekhemikhali kwamathayi okuphela-kokuphila abe izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezicathulweni.
- Umthelela
: Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwenjoloba emsulwa ngo-30% kumabhuzu okusebenza athengiswa ezimakethe zase-US.
3.3 Izikweletu zeCarbon ze-Vietnam Rubber Group
- Isu
: Thengisa ama-carbon offset kusuka emasimini enjoloba aqinisekiswe i-VCS kubathengi be-EU.
- Imali engenayo
: $50/ton premium for “carbon-neutral” rubber.
Isigaba 4: Indlela Eya Phambili
4.1 Izinto Eziqanjiwe Ongazibukela
- Ubunjiniyela Bezofuzo
: Okuhlukile kwesihlahla senjoloba sase-Malaysia sika-RRIM 3001 kukhulisa isivuno ngo-25% ngenkathi simelana nezifo ezikhunta.
- I-AI Surveillance
: Izaziso zesathelayithi ze-Global Forest Watch zehlise ukugawulwa kwemithi okungekho emthethweni e-Cambodia ngo-18% (2023).
4.2 Ukuthuthukiswa Kwenqubomgomo
- I-EU
I-Critical Raw Materials Act (okusalungiswa ka-2024) ihlanganisa irabha ohlwini lwayo “Izinto Ezibalulekile”, okuvula uxhaso lwabakhiqizi abaqinisekisiwe.
4.3 Izinyathelo Ezingenzeka Zamabhizinisi
- Ngokushesha
: Joyina i-GPSNR ukuze ufinyelele izifanekiso zesitifiketi nesizindalwazi sabahlinzeki.
- Isikhati eside
: Tshala ekuhlanganiseni okuqondile—isb, ukuzuza amasimu noma ukusebenzisana namafemu e-biotech.
Isiphetho
Isikhathi sokukhipha irabha engahloliwe sesiphelile. Izinkampani ezamukela izitifiketi nokubeka izinto obala ngeke zithobele imithetho kuphela kodwa futhi zizobamba imakethe ekhulayo yemikhiqizo yokuziphatha. Njengoba isikhulu esiphezulu seMichelin uFlorent Menegaux asho: “Ukusimama akuseyona indleko—sekuyinani lokuhlala emdlalweni.”
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